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The interval between the upper ones, i.e. diastema, is an aesthetic problem, but it can lead to more serious complications in the form of speech disorders, periodontal diseases and occlusion defects. For this reason, the liquidation of diastema is sometimes a necessity. Learn how to fix this defect.

Diastema is a gap between the incisal teeth in the middle, i.e. the upper ones. If the width of the space exceeds 2 mm, the diastema is considered to be a malocclusion. In the case of a smaller gap, this is a normal feature of the dentition and does not require any special treatment.

Several different types of diastema can be distinguished. A convergent diastemia is when the lower tips of the teeth are facing each other. If the ones are placed parallel to each other, the diast is a parallel diast. A divergent diastema is a term for the gap between the ones whose tips are pointing towards each other.

Causes of tooth gap

In terms of the cause of formation, a diastema is distinguished:

real - is the result of a low trailer or hypertrophy of the frenulum of the upper lip;

physiological - appears in children between 7 and 9 years of age, i.e. before lateral permanent incisors erupt. Usually it is less than 2 mm;

The reason for this is that they are caused by side incisors' defects - their reduced size, total absence or presence of oversized teeth.

How to get rid of diastema? Treatment of tooth gap

Methods of diastema treatment are selected depending on its type and causes.

If the cause of the pseudo diastema is the lack of some teeth, implants are inserted. When superficial teeth are responsible for the problem, they must be removed. In the case of parallel and convergent diastema, after extraction, the ones are slid off by means of appropriately located interdental springs or an acrylic plate with a bolted screw. For the treatment of pseudo- convergent diastema, however, fixed braces are used.

Removing the real diastema requires undercutting the frenulum. It is also recommended to wear orthodontic braces. Parallel diastema treatment methods depend on the patient's age and the size of the gap between teeth. Only gaps larger than 2 mm shall be removed. A divergent diastema is eliminated with a removable appliance, while a convergent diastema requires the use of a fixed orthodontic appliance.

A physiological diastema closes spontaneously and does not require treatment.

Other ways to remove diastemas

The most effective way to remove diastemas is orthodontic braces, but it must be worn for a long time. A much faster solution is the use of veneers. During the procedure, thin porcelain plates are fixed on previously ground teeth.

The quickest and at the same time completely reversible way is so-called bonding. Such a procedure consists in masking the break with the help of a composite. Removal of diastema is similar to the application of an ordinary seal. The tooth is etched with demineralizing acid and a special composite material is applied to its surface. The whole can be shaped with the help of paper discs. The bonding effect is immediate, but less durable than veneers, which can remain on the teeth for up to 15 years.